More than ever, European industrial supply chains are under threat: whether it is from volatile tariff disputes with the US raising the costs of imported inputs or hard limits on access to critical resources from China. Geopolitical supply chain disruptions are no longer an abstract risk; they are a reality. In a world shaped increasingly by confrontation and might-makes-right power plays, conflict hotspots also erupt at a higher rate, affecting European economies directly or forcing Europe to react economically. Making European industries more resilient against threats economic coercion and supply chain volatility is a necessity – not only for economic security but also for political sovereignty and societal stability. But how to de-risk in these unpredictable times?
